Wiseand Witty Women Who Read Meetup Portland

Women getting the vote — thanks to the 19th Amendment — was only one stride on a long road toward equality. As women started voting in the 1920s, they faced discrimination and diff pay in the workplace. Many states didn't let women serve on juries (some fifty-fifty kept them from running for function). Even marriage came with pitfalls: Sixteen states didn't permit married women to make contracts. And, thanks to a 1907 law, an American adult female who midweek a strange national lost her U.S. citizenship.

With issues like these, activists had plenty to work on later suffrage. Hither's a look at seven women who connected the fight for women'south rights, and what they accomplished.

Alice Paul

Alice Paul felt that suffrage was just a first step for women. In 1920 she declared, "Information technology is incredible to me that whatever woman should consider the fight for full equality won. Information technology has just begun."

Convinced that women needed an equal rights amendment, Paul organized her National Adult female's Party to focus on getting one passed. In 1923, the amendment that Paul had drafted — called the Lucretia Mott amendment — was start introduced in Congress. Unfortunately, it didn't progress any further for decades: While Paul had gotten the NWP's support, she hadn't convinced other women's organizations to back the amendment. At the fourth dimension, many activists feared that if equal rights became the constabulary of the state, protective legislation well-nigh women'due south wages and working conditions that they'd struggled for would be lost.

Later a new women'due south movement gained strength, both houses of Congress finally passed the Equal Rights Amendment in 1972. Paul died hoping the ERA would succeed; unfortunately, not enough states ratified information technology inside the specified fourth dimension period.

Maud Wood Park

Maud Wood Park not only aided female voters as the first president of the League of Women Voters, but she also helped form and chaired the Women's Joint Congressional Commission, which lobbied Congress to enact legislation favored by women's groups.

One police force that Park and the committee pushed for was the Sheppard-Towner Maternity Bill (1921). In 1918, the United states, when compared to other industrialized countries, had ranked a disheartening 17th in maternal death; this nib provided coin to have care of women during and after pregnancy — at to the lowest degree until its funding was ended in 1929.

Park also lobbied for the Cable Act (1922), which let most American women who married strange nationals go along their citizenship. The legislation was far from perfect — information technology had a racist exception for people of Asian descent — merely information technology at least recognized that married women had identities separate from their husbands.

Mary McLeod Bethune

For African American women, getting the vote often didn't mean being able to cast a election. But Mary McLeod Bethune, a well-known activist and educator, was determined that she and other women would do their rights. Bethune raised money to pay the poll taxation in Daytona, Florida (she got enough for 100 voters), and besides taught women how to pass their literacy tests. Fifty-fifty facing off with the Ku Klux Klan couldn't keep Bethune from voting.

Bethune'southward activities didn't finish at that place: she founded the National Council of Negro Women in 1935 to advocate for Black women. And during the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, she accepted a position equally managing director for the Segmentation of Negro Affairs in the National Youth Administration. This made her the highest-ranking African American woman in government. Bethune knew she was setting an example, stating, "I visualized dozens of Negro women coming after me, filling positions of high trust and strategic importance."

Rose Schneiderman

A onetime mill worker and dedicated labor organizer, Rose Schneiderman focused on the needs of working women post-suffrage. She did this while holding various positions: From 1926 to 1950, Schneiderman was president of the Women'southward Trade Union League; she was the only adult female on the National Recovery Assistants's Labor Advisory Board; and she served as New York land'south secretary of labor from 1937 to 1943.

During the Great Low, Schneiderman called for unemployed female workers to get relief funds. She wanted domestic workers (who were almost all women) to be covered by Social Security, a change that took identify 15 years after the police force was first enacted in 1935. Schneiderman too sought to improve wages and working conditions for waitresses, laundry workers, beauty parlor workers and hotel maids, many of whom were women of color.

Eleanor Roosevelt

Eleanor Roosevelt'southward work for women began long before her husband Franklin D. Roosevelt won the presidency. Later joining the Women's Trade Union League in 1922, she introduced Franklin to friends like Rose Schneiderman, which helped him to understand the needs of female workers.

In the political loonshit, Eleanor coordinated women's activities during Al Smith'south 1928 run for president and later worked on her hubby's presidential campaigns. When Franklin won the White Business firm, Eleanor used her new position to back up women's interests; even the press conferences she held for female reporters helped them in their jobs.

Eleanor continued to be an abet for women subsequently Franklin'due south decease. She spoke out about the need for equal pay during John F. Kennedy's administration. And though she'd initially been against an equal rights amendment, she eventually dropped her objections.

Margaret Sanger

Margaret Sanger felt that "no woman can call herself gratuitous who does not own and command her own body" — for her accessible nascency control was a necessary part of women'south rights.

In the 1920s Sanger put aside earlier radical tactics in order to focus on getting mainstream support for legal contraception. She founded the American Nascence Control League in 1921; 2 years later her Birth Control Clinical Research Bureau opened its doors. The Bureau kept detailed patient records that proved the efficacy and safety of nativity control.

Sanger besides lobbied for birth command legislation, though she didn't meet with much success. However, she had more luck in court, with the U.S. Court of Appeals ruling in 1936 that it was okay to import and distribute birth control for medical purposes. And Sanger's advancement likewise helped shift public attitudes: the Sears catalog ended up selling "preventives" and in a 1938 Ladies' Home Journal poll, 79% of its readers supported legal birth control.

Molly Dewson

After suffrage, both the Democratic and Republican parties set up women's divisions. However, it was Molly Dewson'south deportment inside the Autonomous party that helped women reach new heights of political power.

Dewson, working closely with Eleanor Roosevelt, encouraged women to support and vote for Franklin D. Roosevelt in the 1932 presidential election. When the election was over, she pushed for women to receive political appointments (again with Eleanor'south support). This advocacy led to Franklin making groundbreaking selections such as Frances Perkins becoming secretary of labor, Ruth Bryan Owen being named as ambassador to Denmark and Florence Allen joining the Circuit Court of Appeals.

As Dewson once noted, "I am a firm laic in progress for women coming through appointments here and there and a beginning class task by the women who are the lucky ones called to demonstrate."

Wiseand Witty Women Who Read Meetup Portland

Source: https://www.biography.com/news/famous-womens-rights-activists

Wiseand Witty Women Who Read Meetup Portland

Alice Paul

Maud Wood Park

Mary McLeod Bethune

Rose Schneiderman

Eleanor Roosevelt

Margaret Sanger

Molly Dewson

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